Andrew C. Towle, Ph.D. and Abul Azad, M.Pharm., Ph.D. , VaccGen International LLC and Teva Pharmaceuticals 03.07.14
Acute respiratory disease related to adenovirus infections had been controlled in military basic training for approximately 30 years by immunization with a single-dose, live, oral vaccine against adenovirus serotypes 4 and 7. The resurgence of adenovirus infections in U.S. military recruits after 1999 has been widely attributed to the termination of the production of the adenovirus vaccine in 1994 following a decision by the Department of Defense (DoD) not to further invest in product and facility upgrades. After the vaccine was no longer available by 1999, febrile respiratory disease caused by type 4 or 7 adenovirus rapidly returned to the recruit training bases.
The live, oral adenovirus type 4 vaccine was initially developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the 1960s and later manufactured as an enteric coated tablet by Wyeth for the DoD. The need for a vaccine against a second serotype (type 7) was discovered after the initial clinical results of the type 4 vaccine alone were disappointing. Production and distribution of the types 4 and 7 live virus vaccine continued under an Investigational New Drug (IND) filing until the vaccine was approv
The live, oral adenovirus type 4 vaccine was initially developed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the 1960s and later manufactured as an enteric coated tablet by Wyeth for the DoD. The need for a vaccine against a second serotype (type 7) was discovered after the initial clinical results of the type 4 vaccine alone were disappointing. Production and distribution of the types 4 and 7 live virus vaccine continued under an Investigational New Drug (IND) filing until the vaccine was approv
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